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Quantitative Assessment of Glenohumeral Translation After Anterior Shoulder Dislocation and Subsequent Arthroscopic Bankart Repair

Björn Marquardt, MD^*,, Christof Hurschler, PhD, Johannes Schneppendahl, Kai-Axel Witt, MD, Wolfgang Pötzl, MD and Jörn Steinbeck, MD

From the Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, and Shoulder and Sportsmedicine Practice-Clinic Münster, Münster, Germany

^* Address correspondence to Björn Marquardt, MD, Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer Strasse 33, 48149 Münster, Germany (e-mail: bjoern.marquardt{at}t-online.de).

Background: During the past decade, developments in arthroscopic technology have made arthroscopic repair of labral lesions feasible. However, results with the use of the transglenoid suture technique, or with the use of bioabsorbable tacks, have remained variable in the literature, and the recurrence rates are still inferior to those of open Bankart repair.

Hypothesis: Arthroscopic Bankart repair with suture anchors can re-create translational and rotational range of motion of the intact glenohumeral joint, and the number of preoperative dislocations has an influence on the result.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Materials: Twelve cadaveric shoulders were tested in a robot-assisted shoulder simulator. Anterior and posterior translation and external rotation were measured for intact, dislocated (shoulders were randomly selected to 1 of 3 groups, which were dislocated 1, 3, or 7 times), and repaired conditions at 0° and 90° of glenohumeral elevation.

Results: After shoulder dislocation, a significant increase was found in translation and rotation, confirming the creation of a traumatic shoulder instability model. Further testing of the specimen revealed that translational and rotational ranges of motion were reduced by arthroscopic Bankart repair at both testing positions. External rotation was decreased significantly at 0° and 90° of abduction. No significant differences were found between the 3 dislocation groups.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate a sufficient biomechanical performance of arthroscopic Bankart repair using suture anchors in a traumatic anterior shoulder instability model. With the numbers available, no relationship was found between the number of dislocations and the postoperative result concerning translational or rotational motion.

Clinical Relevance: Glenohumeral translation and rotation after arthroscopic Bankart repair with use of suture anchors approached near normal values, confirming the clinical success of this technique.

Key Words: anterior shoulder instability • arthroscopic Bankart repair • biomechanics • cadaveric model

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				D. P. Magit, J. E. Tibone, and T. Q. Lee In Vivo Comparison of Changes in Glenohumeral Translation After Arthroscopic Capsulolabral Reconstructions Am. J. Sports Med., July 1, 2008; 36(7): 1389 - 1396. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]