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First published on February 16, 2005, doi:10.1177/0363546504269940
This version was published on May 1, 2005
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Right arrow Imaging Studies
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The American Journal of Sports Medicine 33:734-741 (2005)
© 2005 American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine

Comparison of Dynamic Sonography to Stress Radiography for Assessing Glenohumeral Laxity in Asymptomatic Shoulders

Paul A. Borsa, PhD, ATC*,{dagger}, Jon A. Jacobson, MD{ddagger}, Jason S. Scibek, MA, ATC{ddagger} and Geoffrey C. Dover, MS, CAT(c), ATC{dagger}

From the {dagger} Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, and the {dagger} University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

* Address correspondence to Paul A. Borsa, PhD, ATC, University of Florida, 149 Florida Gymnasium, PO Box 118205, Gainesville, FL 32611-8205 (e-mail: pborsa{at}hhp.ufl.edu).

Background: Stress radiography has been the established imaging method for quantifying glenohumeral joint laxity. Dynamic ultrasound is an alternative imaging method that may be used to measure glenohumeral laxity; however, validity and repeatability have not been examined.

Objective: To determine criterion-related validity and repeatability of a sonographic imaging method for measuring glenohumeral laxity in asymptomatic shoulders.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Methods: In experiment 1, 20 subjects were assessed for glenohumeral laxity using stress radiography and dynamic ultrasound. In the second experiment, 13 subjects were assessed for laxity in 2 separate test sessions using the dynamic ultrasound technique.

Results: Correlational analysis between the sonographic and radiographic measures revealed an r = 0.79 (r2 = 0.62), indicating excellent criterion-related validity for the sonographic imaging method. Test-retest repeatability was 0.72 and 0.85 for anterior and posterior translation, respectively, and interrater repeatability was 0.96 and 0.99 for anterior and posterior translation, respectively.

Conclusions: Dynamic ultrasound appears to be a valid and repeatable method for assessing glenohumeral laxity in a clinical setting.

Clinical Relevance: Based on the results of this study, dynamic ultrasound is a repeatable and valid method for measuring glenohumeral laxity and therefore may be used as a viable replacement for stress radiography during assessments of glenohumeral laxity.

Key Words: shoulder • translation • ultrasound • radiography • ligament




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