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The Effects of Hyaluronan on the Meniscus and on the Articular Cartilage After Partial Meniscectomy

Department of Orthopaedics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, Department of Orthopaedics, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

Frederick L. Harwood

Department of Orthopaedics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California

Yuichi Wada, MD, PhD

Department of Orthopaedics, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

Hideshige Moriya, MD, PhD

Department of Orthopaedics, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

David Amiel, PhD

Department of Orthopaedics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California

The effect of hyaluronan (molecular weight = 8 x 10⁵) on the meniscus and on the articular cartilage was assessed after partial meniscectomy in a rabbit model. On gross examination, remodeled meniscus appeared as newly synthesized translucent tissue, and was seen in both vehicle- and hyaluronan-treated menisci. His tologically, safranin O staining revealed the strong presence of glycosaminoglycans in the newly remod eled tissue, and polarized light demonstrated the ab sence of mature collagen architecture. Hydration of the hyaluronan-treated menisci was significantly less than that of the vehicle-treated menisci, and the reducible collagen cross-link dihydroxylysinonorleucine was sig nificantly increased in the hyaluronan-treated menisci compared with the vehicle-treated menisci, indicative of a greater degree of collagen remodeling. In situ hybridization of vehicle- and hyaluronan-treated me nisci revealed a high level of type I procollagen mRNA expression and minor expressions of types II and III mRNA. Expression of the type I collagen gene ap peared to be more pronounced in the hyaluronan- treated menisci than in the vehicle-treated menisci. The tibial plateaus revealed mild cartilage fibrillation after partial meniscectomy. A statistically significant difference between vehicle- and hyaluronan-treated cartilage was not demonstrated in the present study because of the slow development (i.e., 12 weeks) of osteoarthritis after partial meniscectomy in the rabbit model. These results suggest that in the rabbit model, hyaluronan enhances collagen remodeling and inhibits meniscal swelling after partial meniscectomy in the avascular region.

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