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The effect of differential training on isokinetic muscular endurance during acute thermally induced hypohydration

Department of Health and Physical Education, Furman University, Greenville, South Carolina

David N. Camaione, PhD

Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, the University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut

Robert T. Murphy, MA

Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, the University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut

Vince J. Gonino, MA

Department of Sport and Leisure Studies, the University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of acute thermal hypohydration on the muscle endurance performance of three groups of differentially trained subjects. Group I consisted of six anaerobically trained athletes, Group II consisted of five aerobically trained athletes, and Group III consisted of six sedentary indi viduals. Experimental trials involved maximal leg exten sions performed on a Cybex II dynamometer under conditions of euhydration and hypohydration of minus 3% body weight. Integrated electromyographic data were also collected during each trial to factor out mo tivation as a variable. The maximum number of leg extension repetitions performed at or above 50% of each subject's peak torque output were compared between treatments and among the three groups. A 2 x 3 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant decrease in muscle endurance when com paring euhydration to hypohydration among the anaer obically trained subjects as well as among the seden tary subjects (P < 0.05). The aerobically trained sub jects showed no significant decline in muscle endurance when comparing performance under both experimental conditions. It was hypothesized that the training adap tations that occur with aerobic conditioning and are primarily associated with increased plasma volume may be the key to explaining these results.