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Southern California Center for Sports Medicine, Long Beach, California
Southern California Center for Sports Medicine, Long Beach, California
Southern California Center for Sports Medicine, Long Beach, California
Southern California Center for Sports Medicine, Long Beach, California
Southern California Center for Sports Medicine, Long Beach, California
One ACL in each of 11 mature goats was replaced with a freeze dried bone-ACL-bone allograft. One year fol lowing implantation the goats had their knees evaluated biomechanically and for microvascularity and histologic changes. The reconstructed knees had a significantly greater total AP laxity (3.8 ± 0.6 mm) (mean and SEM) than the controls (1.0 ± 0.1 mm). Differences in primary AP laxity were responsible for 81 % of the difference in total laxity, with only a 0.4 mm difference in secondary laxity. Neutral stiffness in the reconstructive knee was 17% of control. while stiffness at 30 newtons (N) of anterior force was approximately 50% of controls. Lig ament stiffness in the linear region for the ACL allograft was 35% of the control value of 686 N/mm. The maxi mum load of the allografts was 571 ± 45 N, or 25% of the contralateral ACL control strength (2301 ± 155 N). Five of the seven allografts failed at the femoral inser tion. Both elongation (83%) and energy (21 %) to max imum load were less for allografts than controls. His tologic evaluation of the allografts revealed the pres ence of a regular oriented dense connective tissue which resembled a normal ligament. Microangiography revealed a periligamentous and endoligamentous vas cular pattern reminiscent of a normal ACL and complete revascularization of the bone plugs.
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